关键词: 压力性损伤, 评估工具, 量表

Abstract:

Objective: To understand the current clinical application and actual needs of risk assessment tools for intraoperative pressure injury, and the cognition of risk factors for intraoperative pressure injury in nursing staff.Methods: An online sampling survey was carried out in nursing staff of the operating room of secondary and tertiary hospitals in Tianjin. It chooses a professional platform what is named ‘Wenjuanxing’ for data collection using self-designed questionnaires, including general information, current clinical application and actual clinical needs.Results: The results showed that most clinically used assessment tools were Waterlow scale (37.5%), Braden scale (25%) and Norton scale (22.5%), and the satisfaction rate was only 78.8%, theexisting problems were poor practicability, inconvenient assessment and lack of continuity. Nursing staff hoped that clinical assessment tools could meet the following requirements: high specialty (98.01%), inclusion of patient factors (94.42%) and surgical factors (96.81%), and perioperative dynamic assessment before surgery (95.92%), during surgery (91.02%) and after surgery (89.80%). Survey on the cognition of risk factors revealed that the importance of surgical duration, surgical position, intraoperative external force exertion, hypothermic anesthesia and intraoperative body temperature change was the highest in judgement, and the operability of intraoperative blood pressure change and intraoperative body temperature change was the lowest. Conclusion: Clinical risk assessment tools for intraoperative pressure injuries are diverse, but they all have shortcomings,  which is related to the impact of surgery-related factors on patients. Therefore, the formation of risk assessment tools for intraoperative pressure injuries should be combined with actual clinical needs,  and develop towards surgical specialization and structuralization.

Key words: Pressure injury, Assessment tool, Scale