Abstract: Objective: To explore the occurrences of symptoms and symptom clusters in patients with esophageal cancer one week after operation so as to provide basis for efficient management of the patients.Methods: From September 2018 to February 2019, 158 cases of patients within 2~7 days after oesophagectomy from 4 tertiary hospitals in Jiangxi Province were selected as subjects.Chinese version of the memory assessment scale(MSAS-Ch) and general situation questionnaire were used to conduct a questionnaire survey. Exploratory factor analysis was used to extract the symptom cluster present in symptoms with an incidence of ≥20%. The internal consistency of symptom cluster was evaluated by Cronbach’s coefficients.Results:The incidence，the degree of frequency，the degree of distress and the degree of severity of the symptom of pain and dry were ranked in the top 5.There were 6 symptom clusters observed in patients after oesophagectomy. They were breathing-related symptom cluster, eating-related symptom cluster, sickness feelings symptom cluster, psychologic symptom cluster, sleeping-related symptom cluster, autonomic disorder symptom cluster.The cumulative variance contribution rate was 89.237%.Conclusion:The medical staff should pay attention to the symptom cluster and analyze the internal correlation of the symptoms in combination with the clinical practice and manage it from the perspective of the symptom cluster.

Key words: Esophageal cancer, Surgery treatment, Symptom cluster

摘要： 目的：探索食管癌患者术后1周内症状及症状群的发生情况，为食管癌患者术后症状的高效管理提供依据。方法：选取2018年9月至2019年2月江西省4家三级甲等医院住院的食管癌术后 2~7 天患者158例作为研究对象。采用中文版记忆症状评估量表及患者一般资料调查表对患者进行问卷调查。采用探索因子分析从发生率≥20%的症状中提取症状群。症状群的内部一致性采用Cronbach’s α系数进行评估。结果：疼痛、口干的发生率、频繁程度、严重程度、困扰程度得分均位于前5位。食管癌术后患者存在呼吸相关症状群、进食相关症状群、病感症状群、精神心理症状群、睡眠相关症状群、自主神经紊乱症状群6个症状群，总方差贡献率为89.237%。结论：食管癌术后患者存在多种症状，其中疼痛、口干发生率、频繁程度、严重程度和对患者的困扰程度均相对较高，应当引起医护人员的重视。症状群内各症状相互关联程度高，护理人员应结合临床实际分析症状之间的内在关联，从症状群的角度对症状进行管理。

关键词: 食管癌, 手术, 症状群