Abstract: Objective: To explore the mediating effect of perceived social support between pain empathy and caring behavior among ICU nurses. Methods: From December 13, 2023 to January 31, 2024, a convenience sampling method was used to select 394 ICU nurses from 7 grade Ⅲ and first-class hospitals in Tianjin. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Empathy for Pain Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale, and the Chinese Version of Caring Behaviors Inventory. The mediating model was constructed and tested using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0. Results: The total score of pain empathy in ICU nurses was 2.79±0.65, with the score for physical and psychological discomfort responses being 2.55±0.76 and the score for empathic response being 3.53±0.71. ICU nurses′ physical and psychological discomfort responses were negatively correlated with their caring behavior (r=-0.157, P<0.01), while empathic responses were positively correlated with caring behavior (r=0.314, P<0.01). Perceived social support played a partial mediating role between physical and psychological discomfort, empathic response, and caring behavior, with the mediating effect accounting for 47.65% and 53.77% of the total effect, respectively. Conclusion: Nursing managers can enhance ICU nurses′ pain empathy abilities by actively creating a positive incentive atmosphere, implementing targeted strategies to strengthen ICU nurses′ psychological resources, alleviating their physical and psychological discomfort from pain empathy, and improving their caring behaviors.

Key words: Pain empathy, Perceived social support, Caring behavior, Mediating effect, ICU nurse

摘要： 目的：探讨领悟社会支持在ICU护士疼痛共情与关怀行为间的中介效应。方法：于2023年12月13日至2024年1月31日，采用便利抽样法选取天津市7所三级甲等医院共394名ICU护士为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、疼痛共情量表、领悟社会支持量表和护士关怀行为量表进行调查。采用SPSS26.0和AMOS24.0构建并检验中介模型。结果：ICU护士疼痛共情总分为（2.79±0.65）分，其中身心不适反应维度得分为（2.55±0.76）分，移情反应维度得分为（3.53±0.71）分。 ICU护士身心不适反应与其关怀行为呈负相关（r=-0.157，P＜0.01），移情反应与关怀行为呈正相关（r=0.314，P＜0.01）。领悟社会支持在身心不适、移情反应和关怀行为间起部分中介作用，中介效应分别占总效应的47.65%、53.77%。结论：护理管理者可通过提高ICU护士疼痛共情能力，积极构建正性激励氛围，制订针对性策略加强ICU护士心理资源建设，缓解ICU护士疼痛共情身心不适，提升其关怀行为。

关键词: 疼痛共情, 领悟社会支持, 关怀行为, 中介效应, ICU护士