Abstract: Objective: To explore the effectiveness of a nutritional education pathway based on feed forward control concepts during radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients. Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 131 head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy at a grade A tertiary hospital from July 2021 to August 2022. Among them, 65 patients from July 2021 to January 2022 were designated as the control group, and 66 patients from February to August 2022 weredesignated as the observation group. The control group received conventional radiotherapy nutritional care, while the observation group received a nutritional education pathway based on feed forward control concepts in addition to the standard care. Nutritional indicators and self-nutritional management ability scores were compared between the two groups at admission and discharge. Nutritional risk screening (NRS 2002) and subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) scores were assessed at admission, the third week of radiotherapy, and at discharge. Results: There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of nutritional indicators, NRS 2002 scores, PG-SGA scores, and self-nutritional management ability at discharge (P<0.05). Conclusion: The nutritional education pathway based on feed forward control concepts helps to reduce nutritional risk, improve nutritional status, decrease the incidence of malnutrition, and enhance self-nutritional management ability in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.

Key words: Feed forward control, Nutritional care, Health education, Radiotherapy, Head and neck cancer

摘要： 目的：探讨基于前馈控制理念的营养教育路径在头颈肿瘤患者放疗期间的应用效果。方法：采取便利抽样方法选取 2021 年 7 月至 2022 年 8 月某三级甲等综合医院放疗科进行放射治疗的 131 例头颈肿瘤患者为研究对象，其中 2021 年 7 月至 2022 年 1 月的 65 例患者作为对照组，2022 年 2 月至 2022 年 8 月的 66 例患者作为观察组。对照组采用常规放疗营养教育，观察组在对照组基础上实施基于前馈控制理念的营养教育方案。比较两组患者入院时和出院日的人体营养学指标和自我营养管理能力评分，两组患者入院、放疗第 3 周和出院日的营养风险筛查 2002（Nutritional Risk Screening 2002，NRS 2002）评分和患者主观整体评估（Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment，PG-SGA）评分。结果：两组患者出院日人体营养学指标、营养风险和营养不良程度和自我营养管理能力比较，差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：基于前馈控制理念的营养教育路径可提高头颈肿瘤放疗患者 的自我营养管理能力，改善营养状态，降低营养不良风险。

关键词: 前馈控制, 营养护理, 健康教育, 放射治疗, 头颈肿瘤