Abstract: Objective: To explore the status and needs of readiness for hospital discharge of caregivers for children undergoing living donor liver transplantations, and to provide a basis for adopting scientific and effective discharge guidance programs. Methods: Using purposive sampling method in qualitative research, 14 caregivers for children undergoing living donor liver transplantation were included, and semi-structured interviews were used in the descriptive research. The data of semi-structured interviews were analyzed by Colaizzi′s seven-step method. Results: Five themes and twelve sub-themes were extracted involvingpost-discharge nursing knowledge and skills needs (including the need of postoperative care and emergency treatment of liver transplantation, information acquisition and screening needs), medication guidance needs (including immunosuppressant drug guidance needs and abnormal medication treatment guidance needs ), rehabilitation guidance needs (including rehabilitation exercise guidance needs and vaccination guidance needs), psychological needs (including the needs of alleviating negative emotions, children′s social function adaptation needs), needs of material, informational, and emotional support (including medical technology support needs, needs of knowing social resources and accessing methods, professional platform support needs, and peer support needs). Conclusion: Caregivers have a high demand for the transition period after the discharge of children undergoing living donor liver transplantation, so it is recommended that medical staff should provide professional health guidance and psychological support, and establish multi-party support channels to improve the readiness for hospital discharge of caregivers for children undergoing living donor liver transplantation and ensure the safety of discharge.

Key words: Living donor liver transplantations, Caregiver, Readiness for hospital discharge, Qualitative research

摘要： 目的：了解亲体肝移植患儿照顾者出院准备情况及出院准备需求，为制定科学有效的出院指导方案提供依据。方法：采用目的抽样法，选取 14 名亲体肝移植手术患儿的照顾者为研究对象，采用描述性质性研究的方法对患儿照顾者进行半结构式访谈，采用 Colaizzi 七步法分析资料。结果：提炼出 5 个主题和 12 个亚主题，即出院后护理知识和技能需求（包括了解肝移植术后护理及应急处理的需求、信息获取及甄别需求 2 个亚主题）、用药指导需求（包括免疫抑制剂类药物用药指导需求、出现非正常用药处理的指导需求 2 个亚主题）、康复指导需求（康复锻炼的指导需求、疫苗接种指导需求 2 个亚主题）、心理需求（缓解负性情绪的需求、患儿社会功能适应需求 2 个亚主题）、对物质、信息及情感等的支持需求（医护技支持需求、知晓社会资源及获取方式的需求、专业平台支持需求、同伴支持 4 个亚主题）。结论：照顾者在亲体肝移植患儿出院后的过渡期需求较高，建议医护人员为其提供专业的健康指导、心理支持，并建立多方的支持途径，以提高照顾者出院准备度，保证患儿出院安全。

关键词: 亲体肝移植, 照顾者, 出院准备度, 质性研究