Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effect of health education program based on protective motivation theory in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Using convenience sampling, patients with diabetic retinopathy admitted to a tertiary grade A hospital in Tianjin from October 1, 2023, to January 31, 2024,were selected as the study subjects. They were divided into an observation group and a control group using a random number table, with 65 cases in each group. The control group received routine training and health education, while the observation group received an additional health education program based on protective motivation theory. The intervention lasted for eight weeks. The two groups were compared in terms of illness perception, self-efficacy, self-management behaviors, quality of life, and blood glucose levels. Results: Repeated measures ANOVA showed statistically significant differences in the intergroup effects, time effects, and interaction effects between the two groups regarding illness perception, self-management behaviors, quality of life, and glycemic control (P<0.05). Statistically significant differences were also found in the intergroup effects and time effects of self-efficacy between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: The health education program based on protective motivation theory can enhance self-management and self-care abilities, and improve glycemic control and quality of life in patients with diabetic retinopathy.

Key words: Protective motivation theory, Diabetic retinopathy, Self-efficacy, Self-management behavior, Ophthalmic nursing

摘要： 目的：探讨基于保护动机理论的健康教育方案在糖尿病视网膜病变患者中的应用效果。方法：采用便利抽样法，选取天津市某三级甲等医院 2023 年 10 月 1 日至 2024 年 1 月 31 日收治的糖尿病视网膜病变患者为研究对象，采用随机数字表分为观察组与对照组，每组各 65 例。对照组予以常规训练和健康教育，观察组在此基础上结合保护动机理论形成的健康教育方案进行干预，干预时间为 8 周，比较两组疾病感知、自我效能、自我管理行为、生活质量及血糖水平。结果：重复测量方差分析结果显示，两组疾病感知、自我管理行为、生活质量和血糖控制方面的组间效应、时间效应与交互效应比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；两组自我效能感的组间效应及时间效应比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：基于保护动机理论的健康教育方案可提升糖尿病视网膜病变患者的自我管理和自我护理能力，改善患者的血糖和生活质量。

关键词: 保护动机理论, 糖尿病视网膜病变, 自我管理行为, 自我效能, 眼科护理学