关键词: 疼痛共情, 领悟社会支持, 关怀行为, 中介效应, ICU护士

Abstract: Objective: To explore the mediating effect of perceived social support between pain empathy and caring behavior among ICU nurses. Methods: From December 13, 2023 to January 31, 2024, a convenience sampling method was used to select 394 ICU nurses from 7 grade Ⅲ and first-class hospitals in Tianjin. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Empathy for Pain Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale, and the Chinese Version of Caring Behaviors Inventory. The mediating model was constructed and tested using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0. Results: The total score of pain empathy in ICU nurses was 2.79±0.65, with the score for physical and psychological discomfort responses being 2.55±0.76 and the score for empathic response being 3.53±0.71. ICU nurses′ physical and psychological discomfort responses were negatively correlated with their caring behavior (r=-0.157, P<0.01), while empathic responses were positively correlated with caring behavior (r=0.314, P<0.01). Perceived social support played a partial mediating role between physical and psychological discomfort, empathic response, and caring behavior, with the mediating effect accounting for 47.65% and 53.77% of the total effect, respectively. Conclusion: Nursing managers can enhance ICU nurses′ pain empathy abilities by actively creating a positive incentive atmosphere, implementing targeted strategies to strengthen ICU nurses′ psychological resources, alleviating their physical and psychological discomfort from pain empathy, and improving their caring behaviors.

Key words: Pain empathy, Perceived social support, Caring behavior, Mediating effect, ICU nurse