天津护理 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 258-262.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9143.2022.03.002

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

住院老年患者吞咽障碍现状及影响因素研究

赵文婷1 张雪梅2 杨茗2   

  1. 1.天津市眼科医院  天津市眼科学与视觉科学重点实验室  天津市眼科研究所 天津医科大学眼科临床学院,天津   300020;2.四川大学华西医院老年医学中心)

  • 出版日期:2022-06-28 发布日期:2022-06-29
  • 基金资助:
    四川省卫生和计生委员会科研课题(18PJ249)

Study on the status and influencing factors of dysphagia in elderly inpatients

ZHAO Wenting1, ZHANG Xuemei2, YANG Ming2   

  1. (1.Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020;2.Geriatric Center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University)

  • Online:2022-06-28 Published:2022-06-29

摘要: 目的:了解住院老年患者吞咽障碍及肌少症的发生现状,分析住院老年患者吞咽障碍的相关因素。方法:便利选取某三级甲等综合医院老年科382例老年患者为研究对象。肌少症的诊断采用2018版欧洲肌少症工作组的诊断标准,其余变量采用一般资料调查表、进食评估问卷调查工具、Charlson合并症指数等工具进行评估。结果:382例老年患者中,存在吞咽障碍者96例,占25.1%;肌少症者89例,占23.3%。多因素分析结果显示,年龄、肌少症程度、自理能力为吞咽障碍的影响因素。结论:吞咽障碍为老年患者常见的老年综合征之一,护士应关注老年患者的吞咽功能,尤其应关注高龄、自理能力受损、存在肌少症的老年患者的吞咽功能。

关键词:

住院患者, 老年人, 肌少症, 吞咽障碍

Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of dysphagia and sarcopenia in elderly inpatients and explore the relevant factors of dysphagia in elderly inpatients. Methods: A total of 382 elderly inpatients in geriatric department of a third-grade class-A general hospital were included by convenient sampling method.The diagnosis of sarcopenia adopts the diagnostic criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People(EWGSOP2).Other variables were measured by the general questionnaire, Eating Assessment tool-10 (EAT-10), Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and other tools. Results: The results showed that 96 patients(25.1%) had swallowing disorders, 89 patients(23.3%) suffered from sarcopenia among 382 elderly inpatients. According to the results of logistic regression, age, the degree of sarcopenia and self care ability were influencing factors of dysphagia. Conclusions: Dysphagia is one of the common geriatric syndromes in elderly inpatients. Nurses should pay attention to the swallowing function of elderly inpatients, especially the elderly inpatients with advanced age, impaired self-care ability and sarcopenia.

Key words:

 Inpatients, The elderly, Sarcopenia, Dysphagia