居家养老护理员授权赋能、社会支持和自我效能对工作满意度影响关系的研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9143.2025.06.011

天津护理 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 685-690.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9143.2025.06.011

居家养老护理员授权赋能、社会支持和自我效能对工作满意度影响关系的研究

褚海彦 ¹ 张春梅 ²张童语³

（1.南开大学医院，天津 300071；2.天津中医药大学护理学院；3.天津中医药大学研究生院）

出版日期:2025-12-28 发布日期:2025-12-17

The influence of empowerment, social support and self-efficacy on job satisfaction of home-based elderly care workers

CHU Haiyan¹ , ZHANG Chunmei ² , ZHANG Tongyu³

(1. Nankai University Hospital, Tianjin 300071; 2.School of Nursing of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; 3.Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine)

Online:2025-12-28 Published:2025-12-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的：了解天津市长护险政策下居家养老护理员工作满意度、授权赋能、社会支持和自我效能现状，构建影响居家养老护理员工作满意度的结构方程模型，为提高居家养老护理员工作满意度提供理论依据。方法：采用便利抽样法，于 2022 年 8 月至 10 月选取天津市 4 所养老机构中提供长护险居家护理服务的居家养老护理员作为研究对象。研究工具包括一般人口学资料、明尼苏达满意度量表、领导授权赋能行为量表、社会支持量表和一般自我效能量表。结果：240 名居家养老护理员工作满意度总分为（72.38±11.34）分，授权赋能总分为（43.23±6.35）分，社会支持总分为（33.52±5.59）分，自我效能总分为（2.69±0.41）分。居家养老护理员工作满意度总分与授权赋能总分（r=0.652）、社会支持总分（r=0.500）、自我效能总分（r=0.649）均呈正相关（P<0.01）。社会支持和自我效能在居家养老护理员授权赋能与工作满意度间存在链式中介效应，总间接效应量为 0.501，占总效应的 57.33%。结论：授权赋能可通过社会支持，再通过自我效能间接正向作用于居家养老护理员工作满意度。提示养老机构应对居家养老护理员合理授权，加大社会支持力度，提升其自我效能感，从而提升居家养老护理员工作满意度。

关键词: 长护险, 居家养老护理员, 工作满意度, 授权赋能, 社会支持, 自我效能

Abstract: Objective: To understand the current status of job satisfaction, empowerment, social support and self-efficacy of home -based elderly care workers under the long -term care insurance policy in Tianjin, and to construct a structural equation model of job satisfaction, so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving the job satisfaction of home-based elderly care workers. Methods: Using the convenience sampling method, home-based elderly care caregivers from four elderly care institutions which provided long-term care insurance home care services in Tianjin were included from August to October 2022. The research tools include general demography data, Minnesota Satisfaction Scale, Leadership Empowerment Behavior Scale, Social Support Scale and General Self-efficacy Scale. Results: The job satisfaction score of 240 home-based elderly care workers was 72.38±11.34, the total score of authorization and empowerment was 43.23±6.35, the total score of social support was 33.52±5.59, the total score of self-efficacy was 2.69±0.41. The total score of job satisfaction among home-based elderly care workers was positively correlated with the total score of empowerment (r=0.652), the total score of social support (r=0.500), and the total score of self-efficacy (r=0.649), all with P<0.01. Social support and self-efficacy had a chain mediation effect between empowerment and job satisfaction among home -based elderly care workers, with a total indirect effect of 0.501, accounting for 57.33% of the total effect. Conclusion: Empowerment can indirectly and positively affect job satisfaction of home-based elderly care workers through social support and self-efficacy. Elderly care institutions should provide reasonable authorization to home-based care workers, strengthen social support, enhance their self-efficacy, and thus enhance their job satisfaction.

Key words: Long-term care insurance, Home-based elderly care workers, Job satisfaction, Empowerment, Social support;
Self-efficacy

中图分类号:

褚海彦张春梅张童语 . 居家养老护理员授权赋能、社会支持和自我效能对工作满意度影响关系的研究[J]. 天津护理, 2025, 33(6): 685-690.

CHU Haiyan , ZHANG Chunmei , ZHANG Tongyu. The influence of empowerment, social support and self-efficacy on job satisfaction of home-based elderly care workers[J]. Tianjin Journal of Nursing, 2025, 33(6): 685-690.

[1]	尹力娜李霞魏婷婷张艳王玥莹张秋鹏. 老年乳腺癌患者健康素养与自我忽视、社会支持关系的研究[J]. 天津护理, 2025, 33(6): 676-681.
[2]	邹娜汤小卫严亚青王芸. 心理韧性在晚期妊娠初产妇社会支持与分娩恐惧间的中介效应[J]. 天津护理, 2025, 33(6): 681-684.
[3]	李玥王海燕司瑞娟刘杰窦秀倩. 口服抗肿瘤药癌症患者药物素养现状及影响因素分析[J]. 天津护理, 2025, 33(6): 691-696.
[4]	李维佳张泽倩程文静谭丽姬陈志远. 糖尿病患者健康坚韧性现状及其影响因素分析[J]. 天津护理, 2025, 33(5): 551-555.
[5]	董蓉琳方艳春宗旻阳任海梅周艳华 . 自我效能和社会支持在慢性心力衰竭患者限制饮食负担与生活质量中的链式中介作用[J]. 天津护理, 2025, 33(4): 427-433.
[6]	尹媛媛程雪梅杨芳刘秀秀曾伟. 急性冠脉综合征 PCI 术后患者运动康复健康信念现状及影响因素分析[J]. 天津护理, 2025, 33(2): 193-198.
[7]	张雯媛张楠张岚. 领悟社会支持在ICU护士疼痛共情与关怀行为间的中介作用[J]. 天津护理, 2025, 33(1): 17-22.
[8]	宋欣芫张苗苗孙莹郝洁陈强李娜张文玉常文秀. 行为分阶段转变理论在慢性肾脏病患者延续护理中的应用[J]. 天津护理, 2025, 33(1): 46-50.
[9]	蒋维连吴显菊梁小燕魏虹韩欣萌. 基于授权理论的护理干预在乳腺癌术后患者上肢功能锻炼中的应用[J]. 天津护理, 2024, 32(6): 636-640.
[10]	李静庞建美温晓艳张欣张静李燕. 社会支持在中青年肺癌术后患者自我调节疲劳与工作生活质量间的中介效应分析[J]. 天津护理, 2024, 32(6): 668-673.
[11]	田静龚学芳. 基于计划行为理论的护理干预在晚期早产儿母乳喂养中的应用效果观察[J]. 天津护理, 2024, 32(4): 384-388.
[12]	李洋张亚静史丽娜张巧梅龙裕刘璟莹马宏文. 结直肠癌患者主要照顾者心理脱离现状及其影响因素的调查研究[J]. 天津护理, 2024, 32(4): 423-426.
[13]	张瑞陈晓东史宝欣 . 老年慢性牙周炎患者口腔健康自我效能现状及影响因素分析[J]. 天津护理, 2024, 32(3): 292-297.
[14]	赵瑾云林梅. 心房颤动患者知觉压力现状及影响因素分析[J]. 天津护理, 2024, 32(2): 179-183.
[15]	孙雪影李惠霞赵雨晴. 食管癌患者疾病接受度现状及影响因素分析[J]. 天津护理, 2024, 32(2): 188-192.

居家养老护理员授权赋能、社会支持和自我效能对工作满意度影响关系的研究

The influence of empowerment, social support and self-efficacy on job satisfaction of home-based elderly care workers

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics