Objective: To understand the current situation of patient safety behaviors of newly recruited pediatric nurses and explore the influencing factors, so as to provide basis for improving the safety awareness of newly recruited nurses and promoting the implementation of patients’ safety behaviors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was used and 307 newly recruited pediatric nurses in a children’s specialized hospital in Tianjin were included from September 2020 to September 2021. The general information questionnaire, patient safety behavior scale, just culture scale and the psychological empowerment scale were investigated. Results: The scores of patient safety behavior, just culture and psychological empowerment of 307 newly recruited pediatric nurses were 41.67±2.94，153.36±9.71，and 42.21±3.01 respectively. The scores of just culture and psychological empowerment were positively correlated with the total score of patient safety behavior and the scores of each dimension (P<0.01). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that education, working years, fair culture and psychological empowerment were influencing factors of patient safety behavior in newly recruited pediatric nurses (P<0.01). Conclusion: Educational background, working years, just culture and psychological empowerment affect the patient safety behavior of newly recruited pediatric nurses. It is necessary to strengthen the training on patient safety behavior in newly recruited pediatric nurses, and at the same time, by creating a healthy and just cultural atmosphere, improve the psychological empowerment of newly recruited pediatric nurses, and then motivate them to work to ensure patient safety.

目的：了解儿科新入职护士患者安全行为现状，探讨其影响因素，为提高新入职护士安全意识，促进其安全行为落实提供依据。方法：采用横断面调查研究，选取 2020 年 9 月至 2021 年 9 月天津市某儿童专科医院新入职的 307 名护士为调查对象，应用一般资料调查表、患者安全行为量表、公正文化量表和心理授权量表进行调查。 结果：307 名儿科新入职护士患者安全行为、公正文化和心理授权得分分别为（41.67±2.94）分、（153.36±9.71）分、（42.21±3.01）分；儿科新入职护士公正文化总分、心理授权总分均与患者安全行为总分及各维度得分呈正相关（P＜0.01）；多元线性回归分析结果显示，学历、工作年限、公正文化和心理授权为儿科新入职护士患者安全行为的影响因素（P＜0.01）。 结论：学历、工作年限、公正文化和心理授权影响儿科新入职护士患者安全行为；应加强对儿科新入职 护士患者安全行为培训，同时通过创建健康的公正文化氛围，提高儿科新入职护士心理授权，进而激发其工作积极性，确保患者安全。