Abstract: Objective: To explore the maternal experience of psychological birth trauma, so as to provide references for medical staff to formulate targeted intervention measures. Methods: Using the objective sampling method, 16 maternal women who gave birth in a grade A tertiary maternity hospital in Nanjing and reported having experienced psychological birth trauma were recruited for semi-structured interviews from March to October 2023. Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was used to analyze, summarize and extract the data. Results: Four themes were extracted including painful physical experiences (long and endless pain accompanies childbirth, epidural labor analgesia cannot be used early and the pain from childbirth still lingers), loss of control over childbirth (loss of right to information, loss of dignity and privacy, loss of decision-making power), concerns about maternal and child safety (fear for their own safety and fear for fetal/newborn safety), and quiet impact on family relationships and the future (desire for support and companionship of partners, feeling alienated from the newborn, and postpartum psychological trauma that persists into the postpartum period). Conclusion: Maternal experience of psychological birth trauma is diverse and complex, which should be managed as a separate mental health problem by medical staff to promote maternal health and family well-being.

Key words: Birth trauma, Mental health, Qualitative research, Obstetrical nursing

摘要： 目的：深入了解产妇分娩心理创伤体验，为医务人员制定针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法：基于现象学研究方法，采用目的抽样法，选取 2023 年 3 月至 10 月在南京市某三级甲等妇产专科医院住院分娩且具有分娩心理创伤经历的 16 例产妇进行半结构式访谈，运用 Colaizzi 七步分析法对访谈资料进行分析、归纳及主题提炼。结果：产妇分娩心理创伤体验可归纳为痛苦的生理体验（漫长而无尽的疼痛伴随分娩全程、无法尽早使用硬膜外分娩镇痛、分娩后的疼痛依旧挥之不去）、对分娩失去控制（失去知情权、失去尊严和隐私、失去决定权）、对母婴安全的担忧（担心自身安全、担心胎儿/新生儿安全）、对家庭关系及未来的悄然影响（渴望伴侣的支持与陪伴、感到与新生儿的疏离、分娩心理创伤会延续至产后）4 个主题。结论：产妇分娩心理创伤体验具有多样性和复杂性，医务人员应将其作为独立的心理问题进行管理，以促进产妇身心健康和家庭幸福。

关键词: 分娩创伤, 心理健康, 质性研究, 产科护理