Abstract: Objective: To systematically evaluate the prevalence of frailty among renal transplant recipients and provide evidence-based support for early identification and intervention. Methods: Computerized searches were conducted in CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library for survey studies on the frailty status of renal transplant patients. The search period spanned from the inception of each database to December 16, 2024. Two researchers independently performed literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 15.1. Results: A total of 19 studies were included, with an aggregate sample size of 8 841 cases. The meta-analysis revealed that the prevalence of frailty among renal transplant recipients was 20%. Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of frailty before renal transplantation was 17.7%, while it was 21.3% after transplantation; the prevalence was 19.1% when measured using the PFP tool, and 22.3% with other measurement tools; the prevalence was 18.9% in male recipients, and 23.6% in female recipients; the prevalence was 16.9% in the U.S., and 24.1% in other countries; the prevalence was 17.8% in studies conducted from 2012 to 2019, and 21.8% in those from 2020 to 2024; the prevalence was 18.6% in cohort studies, and 24.0% in cross-sectional studies. Conclusion: The prevalence of frailty among renal transplant recipients is relatively high, underscoring the importance of early screening and intervention.

Key words: Renal transplantation, Frailty, Incidence rate, Meta-analysis

摘要： 目的：系统评价肾移植受者衰弱发生率，为早期识别和干预提供循证依据。方法：计算机检索中国知网、维普、万方、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase 及 Cochrane Library 中关于肾移植患者衰弱现状的调查研究。检索时间为建库至 2024 年 12 月 16 日。2 名研究者独立进行文献筛选、数据提取及质量评价，采用 Stata15.1 进行 Meta 分析。结果：最终纳入 19 篇文献，文献总样本量为 8 841例。Meta 分析结果显示，肾移植受者衰弱的发生率为 20%。亚组分析显示，肾移植前衰弱的发生率为 17.7%，肾移植后衰弱的发生率为 21.3%；使用 PFP 测量其衰弱的发生率为 19.1%，使用其他测量工具其衰弱发生率为 22.3%；男性肾移植受者衰弱的发生率为18.9%，女性肾移植受者衰弱发生率为 23.6%；美国肾移植受者衰弱发生率为 16.9%，其他国家为 24.1%；2012—2019 年前肾移植受者的衰弱发生率为 17.8%，2020—2024 年肾移植受者衰弱发生率为 21.8%；队列研究中肾移植受者衰弱发生率为 18.6%，横断面研究中肾移植受者衰弱发生率为 24.0%。结论：肾移植受者衰弱的发生率较高，应重视早期筛查及干预工作。

关键词: 肾移植, 衰弱, 发生率, Meta 分析