关键词: 骨科护士, 静脉血栓栓塞症, 机械预防, 临床应用, 调查

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the status of cognition and clinical application of mechanical prevention measures of venous thromboembolism among orthopedic nurses, so as to provide basis for proposing corresponding countermeasures in the future. Methods: A self-made questionnaire was used to investigate 1 693 orthopedic nurses in 155 medical units from 13 cities of Jiangsu Province. Results: The average score of cognition related to mechanical prevention of venous thromboembolism among 1 693 orthopedic nurses was 97.6±28.2, and the overall level was good. There were significant differences in the scores of cognition of mechanical prevention among orthopedic nurses with different levels of hospitals, professional titles, ability levels, working years in specialty, positions, experience in mechanical prevention operation and knowledge (P<0.05). In terms of clinical application of mechanical preventive measures, 93.5% of medical institutions were equipped with mechanical preventive equipment, and VTE prevention and operation process of mechanical preventive devices were formulated. At present, mechanical prevention is mainly implemented in patients with lower limb fractures, hip and knee replacement, spinal diseases, multiple injuries, tumor, etc., while the former two accounted for 80.7% and 78.0%. 81.9% of medical institutions used caprini assessment scale as a risk assessment tool for venous thromboembolism (VTE). The main clinical basis for orthopedic nurses to implement mechanical preventive measures was to remind doctors after VTE risk assessment, accounting for 67.4%. There were great differences in the using time and frequency of mechanical devices in various medical units, and there was still a lack of unified operating standards. The incidence rate of patients with VTE risk who had not been implemented mechanical prevention was 89.9%. The main reason was that the patients were unwilling to accept it, which reached 71.8%. Conclusion: The overall level of orthopedic nurses’ cognition of mechanical prevention of venous thromboembolism was good, but the level of secondary hospitals and primary hospitals was relatively lower, so it is still necessary to strengthen the training. There is a lack of uniform operation standard for mechanical preventive devices in medical units, which requires the formulation of uniform operation process standard for mechanical preventive devices. Patients’ non-compliance in the implementation of mechanical prevention are still existing, so it is necessary to conduct further studies on patients’ compliance and put forward the corresponding nursing countermeasures.

Key words: Orthopedic nurses, Venous thromboembolism, Mechanical prevention, Clinical application, Investigation