Objective: To investigate the medication compliance of targeted therapy in patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for improving the compliance of targeted therapy.Methods: A total of 208 patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma who received targeted therapy were included from February 2021 to July 2021 by convenient sampling method. The general information questionnaire, medication compliance scale, drug literacy questionnaire of discharged patients and social support evaluation scale were used for the survey.Results: The score of medication compliance of targeted therapy in patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma was 4.52±1.58, high compliance accounted for 2.9%, medium compliance accounted for 18.3%, and low compliance accounted for 78.8%. Multiple regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of the medication compliance of targeted therapy in patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma were drug literacy, social support, age，residence， and mode of residence.Conclusion: The compliance of targeted therapy in patients with non -small cell lung carcinoma is low. Medical staff should encourage family members to give more attention and support to patients, actively build a communication platform for patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma, enhance support among patients, further develop continuous nursing and provide medication guidance and consultation for discharged patients, so as to improve drug literacy and medication compliance of patients.