Abstract: Objective: To explore the current status of self-disclosure level in postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and analyze its influencing factors. Methods: A total of 178 postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy who were hospitalized in a tertiary grade A hospital between January and February 2024 were enrolled as survey participants. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Distress Disclosure Index (DDI), the Chinese Adjectives Scale of Big-Five Factor Personality (BFFP-CAS), the Chinese version of the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify the factors influencing self-disclosure. Results: The total self-disclosure score of postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy was 35.00 (26.00, 43.00). Multiple regression analysis revealed that extraversion, conscientiousness, the confrontation coping mode, and social support utilization were significant influencing factors of self-disclosure level in postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (P<0.05). Conclusion: The self-disclosure level of postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy is at a moderate level. Clinical healthcare providers should pay attention to the self-disclosure level of these patients and implement personalized intervention measures targeting the influencing factors to improve their self-disclosure level.

Key words: Breast cancer, Chemotherapy, Self-disclosure, Big five personality, Influencing factors

摘要： 目的：探讨乳腺癌术后化疗患者自我表露水平现状并分析其影响因素。方法：选取 2024 年 1 月至 2 月在某三级甲等医院住院的乳腺癌术后化疗患者 178 例为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、自我表露指数量表、中文形容词大五人格量表简式版、医学应对方式问卷中文版、社会支持评定量表进行问卷调查。采用多元线性回归分析自我表露的影响因素。结果：乳腺癌术后化疗患者自我表露总得分为 35.00（26.00，43.00）分。多元回归分析显示，人格特征外向性、严谨性、医学应对方式中的面对维度、社会支持中的社会支持利用度维度是乳腺癌术后化疗患者自我表露水平的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论：乳腺癌术后化疗患者自我表露处于中等水平，临床医护人员应针对影响因素开展个性化的干预措施，提高其自我表露水平。

关键词: 乳腺癌, 化疗, 自我表露, 大五人格, 影响因素